New research confirms and quantifies two known challenges for security operations teams: they don't have enough staff and would benefit from automated tools.
Demisto's State of SOAR (security orchestration, automation and response) Report, 2018 (PDF) was researched via the ViB community of more than 1.2 million IT practitioners and decision makers. A total of 262 security professionals from 245 companies in a wide range of industry sectors and sizes, mostly in the U.S., took part in the survey. The results show that the two primary and related challenges for SOC and IR staff are not enough time (80.39% of respondents) and too few staff (78.76%) to handle the workload.
“We’ve seen plenty of research that highlights the unending growth in security alerts, a widening cyber security skills gap, and the ensuing fatigue that is heaped upon understaffed security teams," explains Rishi Bhargava, Co-founder of Demisto. "That’s why we conducted this study which allowed us to dig deeper into these issues, their manifestations, as well as possible solutions. Our results produced captivating insights into the state of SOAR in businesses of all sizes.”
"The pattern that stands out starkly from these results," notes the report, "is that the security skills gap continues to be a challenge." The finer detail of these results, however, is less expected: retaining staff is not much easier than finding them (60.1% against 75.2%). Sixty-seven percent of security staff move on to new companies in less than four years, with 26.4% leaving within two years.
This is primarily down to money. Nearly 65% of those who leave their current employment do so because they can earn more elsewhere. Furthermore, asked what is important to infosec employees, 71.26% replied, a 'higher salary'. The often lauded 'company culture' ranked only fifth in importance at 49.43%.
The implication is that smaller companies with smaller budgets hire newcomers, train them and provide the experience that is attractive to larger companies who simply poach experienced security staff with more money. This in turn means that it is the smaller business that is most affected by the overall security skills gap.
It's worth noting, however, that moving on to greener pastures is not the only cause of failing to retain existing staff. As many as 27.2% of security employees leave because of over work and fatigue. This echoes a comment from Jerome Segura at Malwarebytes: "There's a lot of burnout in infosec. It's tough, but that's the reality. If you're in infosec, you're on call 24/7."
According to the report's respondents, their primary concerns -- or pain points -- are they currently receive too many alerts (cited by 46.4% of respondents; an issue that will be aggravated by staff shortages); and too many false positives within those alerts (cited by 69% of respondents; an issue that is technology based).
Affecting both of these (but not specifically cited as a pain point) is the number of different tools used by the security team. More than three-quarters of the respondents have to learn how to use more than four different security tools for effective security operations and incident response. "With the number of tools constantly on the rise, high training times and attrition rates truly spell out the gravity of the human capital challenge facing the industry today."
Bhargava explains further. “Security deployment has become fractured with innumerous specialized tools, making it increasingly difficult for security teams to manage alerts across disparate systems and locations, particularly considering the talent shortage present in security today,” said Bhargava. “There is a great opportunity for SOAR tools to help unify these products and processes, using automated response to reduce alert fatigue and direct analyst resources to the alerts which are most likely to cause harm.”
It is Demisto's premise -- it is itself a SOAR vendor -- that SOAR technology can help alleviate these difficulties. "An important goal of our study was to find and validate linkages between high incident loads, high response teams, and the desire for automation." First the report quantifies the individual workload. More than 12,000 alerts are reviewed each week; and each alert takes more than 4 days to resolve.
There are simply too many alerts for the security team to handle manually. It is, says the report, "clear that there’s a vicious cycle in effect. Alert volume leads to increased MTTR [mean time to respond] which in turn leads to even more alert volume." Automation as a solution is already in use, with more than half of the respondents automating or seeing the benefit in automating much of the incident response workload.
"Proactively," says the report, "security operations and threat hunting ranked high on the ‘automation candidates’ list, highlighting security teams’ desire for automation to assist them in identifying incipient threats and vulnerabilities. Reactively, incident response, tracking IR metrics, and case management were felt as good candidates for partial or full automation."
For now, SOAR is still an emergent technology. "A sign of SOAR’s emergent nature is highlighted by around 20% of our responders being unsure about where to include SOAR in their budgets," admits the report. "A growing acknowledgement of SOAR in security budgets will come with increased awareness and continued verifiable benefits in existing SOAR deployments."
Demisto believes, however, that SOAR has the potential to improve proactive threat hunting, standardize incident processes, improve investigations, accelerate and scale incident response, simplify security operations and maintenance, and generally fight the alert fatigue that comes with too few staff responding to too many alerts.
Cupertino, Calif.-based Demisto raised $20 million in a Series B funding round in February 2017, bringing the total raised to $26 million. In May 2018, Gartner included Demisto in its report on 'Cool Vendors in Security Operations and Vulnerability Management'.
Related: The Evolution of SOAR Platforms
Related: How to Go From No Incident Response Program to SOAR